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چکیده
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Strawberry anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotricum acutatum is important disease affecting strawberry production in many countries. It is an economicaly important disease in Iran. The fungi caused rot of strawberry fruit and is characterized by large, sunken lesions that render the fruit unmarketable. Also, lesions can occur on all parts of the plant, including the stolon, petiole, leaf, flower, crown and root [1]. Excessive application of chemical fungicide can negatively impact human health and the environment and may lead to an increased risk of developing pathogenresistanct population [2]. In this study, we survey the antifungal activity essential oil of Achillea millefollium, Salvia officinalis and Mentha longifolia against C. acutatumin vitro in different concentration. The in vitro test consisted of evaluating the development of colonies of pathogens on Potato Dextrose Agare medium supplemented with the plant essential oils at various concentrations [3]. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Three essential oils significantly reduced the mycelial growth of pathogen in culture media. The results showed that M. longifolia and A. millefollium proved to be the first and second most effective in inhibiting mycelial radial growth of the pathogen respectively, followed by plant essential oil of S. officinalis. Essential oil of M. longifolia, A.millefollium and S. officinalis in concentration 600, 1000 and 1300 ppm showed potent inhibitory effect on the radial growth of C. acutatum 91.3%, 55.55% and 60.85% respectively. In addition, plant essential oils were effective in inhibiting fungal viability and spore germination, so morphological changes of fungal hyphae were observed under light microscope. Also, the results showed that all essential oils have fungistatic effect on C. acutatum and cause inhibition of fungal growth. In conclusion, our results indicated that application of these essential oils provides significant protection against the strawberry anthr
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