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چکیده
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The amount of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is increasing daily due to the demand for different equipment. In this research, a novel approach based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) consisting of Choline chloride (ChCl) and lemon juice (as a source of citric acid) has been used to extract valuable metals from spent LIBs. The Response Surface Method (RSM) was used to optimize factors including temperature, time, solid to liquid ratio (S/L), and choline chloride to citric acid in lemon juice ratio (ChCl/CA). The results showed that in the optimum condition, including the temperature of 130°C, S/L of 23.75% (w/v), ChCl/CA of 1.1 (w/v) and time of 3.75 h, extraction efficiency of Co and Li obtained 94.6% and 98.2%, respectively. The shrinking core model was used to study the kinetics of the process. Results showed that the diffusion step in the solid structure was chosen as the rate-controlling step. Additionally, the reaction kinetic order for both Co and Li was the first order type.
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