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چکیده
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The present study aims to explore Gina Nahai’s Caspain Rain (2007), Moonlight in The Avenue of Faith (1999), and Sunday’s Silence (2001) in terms of geographical concepts of space, place, and gender. Gina Nahai, in her novels, demonstrates the life of low-class Jewish people especially female characters and their relationships. In the selected novels, she also uses the social and economic differences to describe the characters of the novels in various places and spaces. Hence, the three novels can be studied through the lens of Linda McDowell and Doreen Massey’s concepts. They argue that there is a dialectical relation between space and gender, in such a way that not only gender relations produce space but also space constructs gender. Judith butler presents performative gender that is constructed rather than being biological sex. The concept of gendered space, in particular, does not indicate that space has a gender, but there is a system in which gender is constructed. Doreen Massey in her book Space, Place and Gender claims that geography affects cultural forms, genders and their relations in different ways. She points out that social, economic and physical factors in a specific space and place have a significant impact on the formation of gender; moreover, identity is constructed in these interactions and relations for making gender issues. Space and place, the key terms of this research, are produced and constructed through the local place and political and economic situations in these novels.
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