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چکیده
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The study was applied to answer the questions. First, can children with LD, ADHD, and ASD be differentially cognitive profiled in comparison with the normal group, based on WISC-IV's subscales and four indices? Second, is the profile of these three groups significantly different in WISC-IV subscales and four indices? To this aim a final normal sample of 546 volunteers (303 females and 243 males), was selected, aged from 6 to 16 year-old in Kurdistan in 2019 and 2020 in preschools, elementary and high schools of the normal counties of Sulaimaniyah, Erbil and Halabja. The clinical sample included participants, who were males and girls aged 6 to 16-year-old with three neurodevelopmental disorders (ASD, ADHD, and LD) in Kurdistan in 2019 and 2020 in preschools, elementary and high schools of the normal or prevent counties of Sulaimaniyah, Erbil and Halabja. These cases were the students who were studying or going to health centers in these counties. Among them, the final sample of 134 volunteers (73 cases with LD, 40 cases with ASD, and 21 cases with ADHD); who were instructed, administrated the Kurdish translated, adapted and normed version of the Wechsler Intelligence scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV). To the analysis of the data, correlation coefficiens and the second-order confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. To the analysis of the data, the correlation coefficients, ANOVA F tests for comparisons of means of four groups, and profile analysis were conducted. In spite of that four groups showed parallel profiles, they have a significant overall difference among 15 subscales and 5 indices profiles of normal, ADHD, Autism, and learning disability groups, on average.
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