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چکیده
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Bijar protected area (BPA) is suffering from land use change and livestock grazing. Since 1977, the number of main species (Ovis orientalis gmelini) living in BPA has reduced from 2000 to 435. In order to study the wild animal life (WAL) risk of BPA, a Fuzzy model in Geographical information system (GIS) environment and remote sensing was utilized. The seven selected input indices for the model were 'BPA conversion rate', 'Natural resource', 'Population density', 'Population growth rate', 'Social status', ' Security threat', and 'Livelihood status'. BPA conversion rate was obtained based on Landsat 8 Satellite images of 2016 and agricultural area maps of BPA villages. The weight and Fuzzy rules ranges of the sub-indices were created based on an expert opinion survey (questionnaire) developed according to the related literature. Sub-indices were union in vector format in the GIS environment to acquire the main indices and they were overly in raster format based on Fuzzy membership functions to obtain the WAL risk in three levels of high, moderate and low. Results showed that the areas with high risk were (i) agricultural lands, (ii) lands that underwent use change (rangelands to agricultural lands), (iii) areas with a large number of livestock, (iv) areas within the proximity to roads, and (v) areas far from the protected stations. From the results it can be concluded that low level of livelihood, low number of protective stations and weak protective regulations are the main reasons behind increasing WAL risk in BPA.
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