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Abstract
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Carbon–carbon coupling reactions such as Stille reactions have been widely used as significant procedures in modern synthetic of organic chemistry for academic and industrial process including the pharmaceuticals, herbicides, agrochemicals, polymers, liquid crystal materials and hydrocarbons [1,2]. Mostly homogeneous palladium catalysts as efficient and active catalyst are used to catalyze the carbon–carbon couplings reactions as they offer high product yields, high selectivity and compatibility with many functional moieties [3]. Catalyzed reactions in homogeneous phase have many disadvantage e.g. their reusability and separation of catalysts from reaction mixture. These disadvantages are minimized by immobilization of homogenous catalysts on polymeric organic or inorganic supports such as magnetic iron oxide and mesoporous silica material (especially MCM-41)[4]. In this study, we synthesized Fe3O4@MCM-41@Pd-P2C by anchoring of Pd complexes to porous magnetic nanocomposite as catalyst supports. The catalyst was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, VSM, TEM, TGA, SEM, and ICP-OES techniques. It was used as an environmentally benign, excellent and reusable heterogeneous nano catalyst for still coupling reactions under mild experimental conditions. The given simple experimental procedure in this work, avoided the use of organic solvents which is in agreement with green chemistry principles, good reactivity to generate the corresponding products in good to excellent yields for reactions are the advantages of the present method. In addition, this catalyst was easily separable from the reaction mixture by external magnet and can be reused for several runs without any significant loss of stability and activity.
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