Addressing the global challenge of water contamination, this study introduces a novel nanocomposite adsorbent—poly(ionic liquid-modified graphene oxide) (PIL-MGO)—designed to remove nitrates efficiently from water and combat microbial threats. Leveraging modified graphene oxide and vinyl imidazolium- based ionic liquid, this research synthesizes an adsorbent via a facile and cost- effective approach. The performance of PIL-MGO was rigorously analyzed through a series of characterizations, including Frontier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emitting scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, revealing its robust struc- tural composition and thermal stability. In our experimental exploration, the adsorbent showcased a remarkable nitrate removal efficiency of up to 97.53%, under optimal conditions of an initial pH of 5, room temperature, initial nitrate concentration of 30 mg/L, a contact time of 30 min, and an adsorbent dosage of 40 mg, with a significant selectivity for nitrate ions over competing anions. Moreover, regeneration of the adsorbent up to 7 cycles indicated only a marginal decline in adsorption efficiency. Furthermore, PIL-MGO demon- strated considerable antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi, indi- cating its dual utility in water purification and microbial inhibition. These findings suggest that the synthesized nanocomposite holds great promise for addressing environmental and health-related challenges posed by water pollut- ants. This study not only underscores the capabilities of PIL-MGO but also paves the way for further advancements in adsorbent technologies.
