To obtain further experimental evidence for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the soluting-out effect phenomena in ternary systems composed of an ionic liquid (IL), amino acid, and water, systematic studies on the vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and solid–liquid equilibrium behavior of aqueous solutions of several ILs were carried out in the presence of a range of amino acids. Water activities for binary and ternary aqueous solutions containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C4mim]Cl, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C6mim]Cl, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, [C4mim][CF3SO3], l-Ser, Gly, Ala, and l-Pro were measured using both vapor pressure osmometry and isopiestic methods. All of the ternary IL + amino acid + water systems show negative deviations from semi-ideal behavior and therefore soluting-out effects have been observed in these systems. In the case of the [C4mim][CF3SO3] + amino acids aqueous systems, the IL is soluted-out by the amino acids and the soluting-out effect appears by aqueous biphasic system formation. For these systems, the phase diagram and partition coefficient of caffeine were measured at 298.15 K. However, for the [C4mim]Cl and [C6mim]Cl containing systems, the amino acids are soluted-out by the ILs and the soluting-out effect appears by precipitation of the amino acids from the solution, and the solubilities of the amino acids in the aqueous solutions decrease in the presence of [C4mim]Cl and [C6mim]Cl.
