Recently period frequency and effected domain of dust storm that inter from Iraq to Iran has increased. In this study the effect of vegetation cover and Land Surface Temperature (LST) variation in eastern desert of Syria which is one of the creation zones of these storms has been investigate using remote sensing. Vegetation cover variation was showed using the Normalized Differences Vegetation Index (NDVI) and LST variation was showed using thermal band of Landsat TM5 images of the 27/06/2002 and 27/06/2009. The result of NDVI index indicated that the areas with the very weak vegetation cover has increased. The LST changes in the areas with ranges of temperature, included 43.5°C – 46°C, 46.5°C – 49°C and 46.5°C – 50°C respectively increased, 2068452, 470384, and 8165 hectares. From this study it could be concluded that decrease vegetation cover and increase land surface temperature are important factors in creation recent dust storm in primary land that produce this kind of storms.
