Membership Categorization Analysis or MCA as one of the sub-branches of ethnomethodology was first theorized in lectures by Sacks (1992). Sacks sought to use the talk-in-interaction in sociological analysis. The focus was conversation and dialogue. MCA tries to understand culture in action, that is, cultural knowledge and cultural occasions. In other words, it posits that there is a society with its own culture which is crystalized in social order and structure which, in turn, is realized in talk. The social order and structure is organized in terms of categories of people. Categories are not just named or implied, they also carry a number of differentassociated properties, later called category predicates, like the one that Sacks used alot: category-bound activities. Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA) offers a usefulentrée to start analysing the social knowledge which people use, expect, and relyon in doing the accountable work of living together. Membership Categorization Analysis can be applied to conversations in the novels and plays. Fist, the categories are identified. Secondly, one has to demonstrate how the characteristics, activities and qualities are attached to the categories. Thirdly, one has to clarify the connection between the categories. Fourthly, the connection between the categories and discourses re identified. MCA probes into the underlying levels of categories and activities which shape the surface of the text.
