Phenotypic and genetic parameter estimates for reproductive traits in Kermani sheep were estimated using reproductive records of 860 ewes. Data were collected during 1995–2007 at the experimental breeding station of Kermani sheep, south-east of Iran. Investigated traits were litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter mean weight per lamb born (LMWLB) and litter mean weight per lamb weaned (LMWLW) as basic traits, total litter weight at birth (TLWB) and total litter weight at weaning (TLWW) as composite traits. Quantitative genetic analyses were performed applying restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure under repeatability models. Ewe age had significant effect on LMWLB, LMWLW, TLWB and TLWW (P<0.01). However, LSB and LSW were not affected by age of the ewe. All the studied traits were significantly affected by lambing year (P<0.01). Direct heritability estimates for LSB, LSW, LMWLB, LMWLW, TLWB and TLWW were 0.01, 0.03, 0.13, 0.22, 0.06 and 0.18, respectively, while the corresponding repeatabilities were 0.08, 0.10, 0.17, 0.29, 0.09 and 0.23, respectively. Genetic correlation estimates between the investigated traits ranged from −0.94 for LSB–LMWLB and LSW–LMWLW to 0.99 for LSB–TLWW. Phenotypic and environmental correlations were generally lower than those of genetic correlations. Phenotypic correlations ranged from −0.34 for LSB–LMWLB to 0.58 for TLWBTLWW. Environmental correlations ranged from −0.33 for LSB–LMWLB and LSW–LMWLB to 0.33 for LMWLB–LMWLW. The results suggested that selection based on TLWW could be more effective than the other traits on improvement of reproductive performance in Kermani ewes.
