The explicit form of the field equations has been obtained by varying the action of the four-dimensional Einstein-dilaton gravity in the presence of the scalar-coupled exponential nonlinear electrodynamics. The exact black hole solutions of the field equations have been obtained in an energy-dependent spherically symmetric geometry. It has been found that the solution of the scalar field equation can be obtained by combining two Liouville potentials. We have introduced three types of exponentially charged dilatonic black holes and their thermodynamic properties have been studied noting the effects of rainbow functions. The impacts of rainbow functions on the conserved and thermodynamic quantities of the new black hole solutions have been explored. Through the Smarr mass formula, it has been demonstrated that the first law of black hole thermodynamics remains valid for either of the new rainbow black hole solutions. The quantum gravitational effects on the thermodynamic phase transition or thermal stability of the black holes have been studied by use of the canonical ensemble method. By calculating the black hole heat capacity, the type-1 and type-2 phase transition points and the conditions under which the exponentially charged rainbow black holes are locally stable have been identified.
