Biodiversity is globally recognized as a foundation stone of healthy ecosystems, and biodiversity conservation is increasingly becoming one of the important aims of environmental management. In spite of this fact, human-driven land-use changes, especially during the last century, have already caused decline in biodiversity. In this regard, the intensification and expansion of modern agricultural practices in many countries has led to the biological simplification of the farmed environment and has declined farmland biodiversity during the last century. Since attitudes and intentions towards viability of specific conservation practices strongly impact human decisions on adoption of these practices and change, this study aimed to investigate farmers’ attitude and intension towards biodiversity conservation. A survey was conducted by questionnaire in Fars province, south of Iran, and data was collected from 274 farmers, who were selected using stratified random sampling. The results of the study showed that age, education level and knowledge have significant effects on attitude towards biodiversity conservation. Also, attitude towards biodiversity conservation, skill to use strategies for biodiversity conservation and perception of the impacts of agricultural practice on biodiversity had significant and direct effects on the farmers’ intention towards biodiversity conservation. The findings of this study could be used by planners and policy-makers to improve farm biodiversity in different parts of the world.
