The Zafarghand Igneous Complex is composed of granite, granodiorite, diorite, and gabbro that contain many mafic microgranular enclaves. This complex was emplaced during the late Oligocene (24.6 Ma) to form part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc of Central Iran. The enclaves have spheroidal to elongated/lenticular shapes and are quenched mafc melts in felsic host magma as evidenced by fne-grained sinuous margins and (or) locally transitional and diffuse contacts with the host rocks, as well as having disequilibrium textures. These textures including oscillatory zoning with resorption surfaces on plagioclase, feldspar megacrysts with poikilitic and anti-rapakivi textures, mafc clots, acicular apatites, and small lath-shaped plagioclase in larger plagioclase crystals all indicate that the enclaves crystallized from mafc magma that was injected into and mixing/mingling with the host felsic magma. The studied rocks have calc-alkaline, metaluminous compositions, with an arc afnity. They are enriched in large ion lithophile elements, light rare-earth elements, and depleted in high feld strength elements with signifcant negative Eu anomalies. The Sr–Nd isotopic data for all of the samples are similar and display ISr = 0.705123–0.705950 and εNd (24.6 Ma) = - 1.04–1.03 with TDM ~ 0.9–1.1 Ga. The host granites and enclaves are of mixed/mingled origin and most probably formed by the interaction between the juvenile lower crust with a basaltic composition and old lower or middle continental crust as a major component and lithospheric mantle as a minor component; this was followed by fractional crystallization and possibly minor crustal assimilation. The source seems to be comprised of about 90–80% of the basaltic magma and about 10–20% of lower/middle-crust-derived magma. Geochemical characteristics indicate that the intrusion of these rocks from a subduction zone setting below the Central Iran micro-continent was related to an active continental margin, although was transitio
