The vast adoption of long-range wide area network (LoRaWAN) for the Internet of Things (IoT) systems is undeniable as low-power wide area network (LPWAN) wireless communication leads in transmission distance, lifetime, capacity, cost, and scalability. Finding an optimal configuration to get the most out of the LoRa transmission protocol is integral before deployment. Distance-ring exponential stations generator (DRESG) brings a routing scheme that enables multihop routing and reduces a node’s energy consumption. This research extends the DRESG framework by implementing a circular arc cluster division to minimize the energy consumption of critical nodes while maintaining high network connectivity. Taking into account three routing types, namely, direct-hop (DH), next-ring-hop (NRH), and variable-hop (VH), our proposed framework offers better energy efficiency than the existing framework.
