Purpose Obesity and vitamin D deficiency are pressing global health issues, particularly among adolescents. This study investigated the effects of eight weeks of treadmill running (R) and jump rope (JR) training with vitamin D supplementation on leptin, lipid profile and body fat in sedentary obese adolescents with vitamin D deficiency. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 48 sedentary obese boys (age: 14±1.3 years; weight: 78.8±3.8 kg; BMI: 30.77±0.76) were randomly assigned to six groups (n=8 each): R+ Vitamin D, R+placebo, JR+ Vitamin D, JR+placebo, Vitamin D and control. R training included three sessions/week of 3×10-min intervals at 70–85% HRmax with 5-min active recovery. JR training involved 30 min per session (1-min activity/30-s rest at 60–90 jumps/min), three times a week. Participants received either 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D3 or placebo. All measurements were taken after a 10-h overnight fast, pre- and post-intervention. Results Significant decreases in leptin, body weight, BMI percentile, body fat percentage, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL were found in the exercise groups (p<0.05). HDL increased significantly in these groups (p<0.05). After 8 weeks, all variables (except HDL) were significantly lower in the exercise groups compared to the Vit D and control groups, but no significant different between R+Vit D with JR+Vit D and vit D with control groups. Conclusion Both treadmill running and jump rope training, especially when combined with vitamin D supplementation, lead to significant improvements in adiposity markers and lipid profile in sedentary obese adolescents.
