امین صادقی

Abstract One of the major storage insect pest of cowpea and many other grains is Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Col.: Bruchidae). In this study, fumigant and contact toxicities and repellent activities of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. kurdica (Zohary) Rech. f. gum, fruit and leaf essential oils and Pistacia khinjuk Stocks fruit and leaf essential oils were done on C. maculatus adults. Moreover, Recognising compound of Pistacia khinjuk Stocks fruit and leaf essential oils was studied. The main compounds of fruit essential oils were β-Pinene (21.64%) and the main compounds of leaves were Spathulenol (21.03%). Gum Essential oil of P. atlantica subsp. kurdica had the most toxic activity on C. maculatus adults in fumigant(LC50= 4/3 μl/l air) and contact (LC50= 0/06μl/l air) toxicity at 48 hours, As well as, fumigant toxicity of P. khinjuk fruit (LC50= 14 μl/l air) on C. maculatus was more effective than its leaf essential oil (LC50= 19 μl/l air) and in contact experiment of them at 48 hours, leaf essential oil (LC50= 0/11 μl/l air) was more effective than fruit (LC50= 0/13 μl/l air). In repellent experiments of P. atlantica subsp. kurdica and P. khinjuk essential oils at 2 and 4 hours, more repellent in highest concentration (0.0234μl/cm3) of essential oils were related to gum P. atlantica subsp kurdica essential oils (82%) and also P. khinjuk leaf (76%) essential oil, both at 2 hours. The results indicate strong fumigant and contact toxicity and repellent activity for all the tested essential oils against C. maculatus. We believe the data supports further development and exploitation of these in an integrated pest management (IPM) system for stored grains and products. One of the major storage insect pest of cowpea and many other grains is Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Col.: Bruchidae). Direct damage is caused when the neonate larvae penetrate the grain, leading to grain weight loss and reductions in germination and nutritional value. The use of natural plant materia